The wood pellet business is booming, in particular the export trade from the U.S. to Europe. The main demand driver in Europe is the European Commission’s 2020 climate and energy plan, which seeks to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Member states have national renewable energy targets, which some countries are meeting by using wood pellets to produce electricity. This can either be done by burning the wood pellets alongside coal, or with a dedicated wood pellet power plant. The primary objective is the displacement of coal, with its inherently high carbon dioxide emissions, in power production.

The U.S. is the world’s largest producer of wood pellets. Between 2012 and 2013 pellet exports from the U.S. doubled, with 98% of the trade destined for European markets, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA).

Source: EIA’s Today In Energy

U.S. wood pellet exports further increased by nearly 40% between 2013 and 2014, rising to 4.4 million short tons. The U.K. receives more than half of U.S. pellet exports (73% in 2014), but demand is growing across Europe.

The sourcing of U.S. wood pellet exports has been concentrated in southeastern states because of abundant commercial forests and relatively low shipping costs to Europe. Rising demand and ample supplies have spurred a flurry of new projects in the region.

Enviva Partners (NYSE: EVA) went public last April as the first publicly traded MLP based on the production and sale of wood pellets. The Partnership owns and operates six pellet plants; in Northampton County and Ahoskie, North Carolina; Southampton County, Virginia; Amory and Wiggins, Mississippi; and Cottondale, Florida. They have a combined production capacity of approximately 2.2 million metric tons (2.4 million short tons) of wood pellets per year, making Enviva the world’s largest supplier of utility-grade wood pellets.

Source: Enviva Partners investor presentation

Enviva Partners owns excellent transportation infrastructure for exporting pellets, with a deep-water marine terminal at the Port of Chesapeake, Virginia and long-term leases with the ports of Mobile, Alabama and Panama City, Florida. Transportation costs can account for a quarter of the total cost of wood pellets, so companies with strategically located transportation infrastructure will have an advantage over competing pellet manufacturers in Brazil and western Canada.

Industrial pellet demand is forecast to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 20% through 2019, driven primarily by Europe. Demand for pellets for heating is forecast to grow at a CAGR of 9% through 2019. Further, the EPA’s Clean Power Plan could create substantial demand in the U.S. similar to what is currently being experienced in Europe as utilities seek to reduce carbon dioxide emissions.

Enviva has yet to report Q4 2015 results, but Q3 results were impressive. Enviva generated net revenue of $116.6 million, a 53% increase over Q3 2014. Net income was $6.4 million compared to $3.1 million for the corresponding quarter in 2014. Adjusted EBITDA improved to $15.9 million in the third quarter of 2015, a 59% increase over Q3 2014. The partnership’s distributable cash flow for the third quarter was $12.6 million, resulting in a distribution coverage ratio of 1.21x.

In December the partnership issued guidance for 2016. Enviva expects net income in the range of $43 million to $47 million and adjusted EBITDA of $83 million to $87 million. The partnership expects to generate distributable cash flow of $67 million to $71 million, or $2.71 to $2.87 per common and subordinated unit in 2016. At the current price, these numbers add up to a prospective annualized yield of 14.9% to 15.8%. One potential negative to consider is that cash distributions beyond $0.4744 per common unit and subordinated unit in any quarter will trigger incentive distribution rights (“IDRs”) to be paid to the general partner.

Conclusions

Investors seeking the tax advantages of an MLP without the risks of the ongoing bear market in the oil and gas industry have a number of unconventional options to consider. Enviva Partners produces and sells wood pellets, and while its equity has been affected by the overall downturn in the MLP space, it has proven to be far more resilient than that of the more conventional energy shippers and processors. Enviva’s total return of -9.2% over the past 12 months places it in the top 10 of the best-performing MLPs, and its 2.9% year-to-date gain is one of only a handful of positive returns this year among MLPs.  

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